Six Major Construction Techniques for Interior Wall Coatings
1. Base treatment: First, remove debris such as gray blocks and floating residue from the surface of the decoration with a knife. If there is oil on the surface, use a cleaning agent and clean water to wash it off. After drying, use a brown brush to clean the surface dust. After cleaning the surface, roll brush a diluted solution of water and interface agent (mixing ratio 10:1) on one side, then use base gypsum or joint gypsum to fill in the uneven areas of the base. After the gypsum dries, apply kraft paper or special wall fabric for crack prevention treatment in local areas. After it dries, proceed to the next construction step.
2. Apply two coats of putty:
The first coat should be applied with a rubber scraper, requiring horizontal scraping to be flat, even, and smooth, with a dense and flat finish, and neat corners and edges. Try to scrape thinly, ensuring no missed areas, and joints should not be left unfilled. Be careful not to stain door and window frames and other areas; if so, clean them promptly. After the first coat of putty dries, sand it smooth with coarse sandpaper. Pay attention to balanced operation, protect edges, and clean up with a brown broom after sanding. The second coat of putty is applied in the same manner as the first, but the scraping direction should be perpendicular to the previous putty. Then sand it smooth with coarse sandpaper; otherwise, a third and fourth coat must be applied. Use a 300W sunlight lamp to side-light the wall or ceiling and sand it smooth with coarse sandpaper, finally sanding it smooth with fine sandpaper.
3. Base coat:
The construction should be carried out on a dry, clean, and firm surface. Spray one coat, ensuring the coating is even and no areas are missed.
4. Middle coat construction:
Before applying the first coat of middle coat paint, if any uneven areas are found, use putty to fill and smooth them. The paint should be thoroughly mixed with a hand-held electric mixer before use. If the consistency is too thick, add a suitable amount of clean water for dilution, but the amount of water added each time must be consistent, avoiding inconsistency in thickness. Then pour the paint into a tray and use a paint roller to apply the first coat. The roller should be applied horizontally, then vertically to spread the paint evenly. The rolling order is generally from top to bottom, from left to right, starting from the farthest to the nearest, and from corners and edges to larger surfaces. Ensure even thickness to prevent excessive paint from dripping. For areas where the roller cannot reach, use a brush to supplement, ensuring no missed areas. Always remove paint that sticks to the wall from the roller. A wall should be completed in one go. Avoid overlapping brush marks and promptly clean any paint that stains other areas with clean water. After the first coat of middle coat paint is applied, it generally needs to dry for more than 4 hours before proceeding to the next sanding process. If the weather is humid, the interval time should be appropriately extended. Then, sand with fine sandpaper, applying light and even pressure, and avoid sanding through the coating. Clean the surface after sanding; the second coat of middle coat paint is applied the same as the first, but no further sanding is done. After application, it should meet the requirements for high-quality latex paint application; (if the previous putty and base coat treatment are done well, this layer may not require deep brushing).
5. Latex paint surface spraying:
Due to differences in base material, tooth period, alkalinity, and drying degree, a test spray should be conducted on a small area of the wall to determine the compatibility of the base and paint, and to determine the appropriate coating amount. Latex paint should be thoroughly shaken before use to ensure it is well mixed, then open the container and stir thoroughly with a wooden stick. During spraying, the nozzle should always be kept perpendicular to the decorative surface (especially in corners), at a distance of about 0.3-0.5M (adjust according to the size of the decorative surface). The nozzle pressure should be 0.2-0.3MM2, and the spray gun should move in a Z shape while advancing, alternating horizontally and vertically. The movement of the spray gun should be balanced, and the coating amount should be consistent, avoiding stopping and moving erratically to prevent material buildup, dripping, or missed spraying. To improve spraying efficiency and quality, the spraying order should be: wall areas → column areas → pre-surface areas → door and window areas. This order should be flexibly mastered to avoid repeated coverage and not affect the completed decorative surface.
6. Cleaning
Remove obstructions and clean up splattered materials.
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